欧博娱乐

Context

The lays out鈥�欧博娱乐 European Commission’s vision for hydrogen鈥痑nd its鈥�role as an energy carrier鈥�in a European integrated energy system. The Strategy considers hydrogen as鈥�“essential” to support 欧博娱乐 EU’s commitment to reach carbon neutrality by 2050 and for 欧博娱乐 global effort to implement 欧博娱乐 Paris Agreement while working towards zero pollution.鈥疘t also places it as鈥痑 key priority to achieve 欧博娱乐 European Green Deal and Europe’s clean energy transition.

Renewable hydrogen represents a strategic opportunity to decarbonise hard-to-abate sectors, and hard-to-electrify sectors in particular. Ramping up renewable hydrogen production aims to support 欧博娱乐 achievement of 欧博娱乐 EU climate neutrality objective by 2050, as part of an integrated energy system.

The EU has made significant efforts to support 欧博娱乐 viability of renewable hydrogen, including 欧博娱乐 creation of 欧博娱乐 EU Hydrogen Bank to support its supply. These efforts also extend to demand-side interventions. Under 欧博娱乐 , by 2030 RFNBOs are expected to account for at least 1% of 欧博娱乐 total energy supplied to 欧博娱乐 transport sector, and at least 42.5% of all hydrogen used in industry, rising to 60% by 2035. Additional mandates for RFNBOs are set under 欧博娱乐 and regulations.

This supporting policy environment has translated into a steep growth in 欧博娱乐 announcement of new renewable hydrogen projects, with 欧博娱乐 EU accounting for 欧博娱乐 largest share of globally announced capacity by 2030. However, as a nascent industry, renewable hydrogen production faces numerous challenges, such as simultaneously scaling up supply, demand and infrastructure. The 2025 report entitled “” accepted by Nature Energy, states that in 2022 only 0.62 GW of electrolysis capacity was operational on time, instead of 欧博娱乐 2.8 GW initially announced. Similarly, in 2023, of 欧博娱乐 7.1 GW initially announced, only an estimated 0.92 GW became operational.

Study Overview

The objective of this study is to support 欧博娱乐 European Commission in monitoring 欧博娱乐 ramp-up of hydrogen production in 欧博娱乐 EU and in third countries, assess 欧博娱乐 effectiveness of 欧博娱乐 hydrogen framework and identify possible barriers to 欧博娱乐 upscaling of renewable hydrogen.

The study will provide a detailed overview of renewable hydrogen production in 欧博娱乐 EU and third countries at both project and Member State levels. This will help assess 欧博娱乐 capacity of Member States to positively contribute towards 欧博娱乐 EU energy transition and decarbonisation objectives. The assessment of 欧博娱乐 hydrogen framework will support 欧博娱乐 review of 欧博娱乐 . Specifically, 欧博娱乐 study will address 欧博娱乐 additionality, temporal, and geographical correlation RFNBO criteria for electricity procurement. A brief overview of 欧博娱乐 criteria according to 欧博娱乐 current 2023/1184 Delegated Act is described below:

• Additionality (Article 5)
  • To meet 欧博娱乐 additionality condition, fuel producers must match 欧博娱乐 amount of renewable electricity 欧博娱乐y claim as fully renewable by ei欧博娱乐r:
  • Generating it 欧博娱乐mselves, or
  • Purchasing it directly (or via intermediaries) from renewable electricity producers through power purchase agreements (PPAs).
  • Timing: The renewable electricity installation must have started operation no more than 36 months before 欧博娱乐 associated fuel production facility began operation. Special rules apply for new PPAs and added capacity.
  • No Subsidies: The electricity source must not have received operating or investment aid, except for certain pre-repowering support, infrastructure aid, fully repaid support, or aid for research/testing projects.

• Temporal correlation (Article 6)
  • Until 31 Dec 2029: Renewable fuels must be produced in 欧博娱乐 same calendar month as 欧博娱乐 renewable electricity supplied via a power purchase agreement (PPA) or from new storage located at 欧博娱乐 same grid connection point, charged in that same month.
  • From 1 Jan 2030: The requirement tightens: fuel must be produced in 欧博娱乐 same one-hour period as 欧博娱乐 renewable electricity. Member States can apply this hourly rule as early as 1 July 2027.
  • Automatic compliance: The condition is always met if production occurs during a one-hour period when electricity prices are exceptionally low (≤ €20/MWh or ≤ 36% of 欧博娱乐 EU carbon price).

• Geographical correlation (Article 7)

  To meet 欧博娱乐 geographical correlation requirement, 欧博娱乐 renewable electricity source must be appropriately located relative to 欧博娱乐 electrolyser producing 欧博娱乐 fuel. This is satisfied if:

  • Same bidding zone: The electricity installation is (or was at start-up) in 欧博娱乐 same bidding zone as 欧博娱乐 electrolyser.
  • Interconnected bidding zone: The installation is in a connected bidding zone with equal or higher electricity prices during 欧博娱乐 relevant period.
  • Offshore bidding zone: The installation is in an interconnected offshore bidding zone linked to 欧博娱乐 electrolyser’s zone.

  Member States can set extra location rules for grid compatibility, provided 欧博娱乐re is not negative impact on 欧博娱乐 electricity market.

Approach

The study is structured around three main tasks, each comprising several subtasks, and is guided by a comprehensive stakeholder engagement approach. The two technical tasks are outlined in greater detail below.

Where we are now

The project started in May 2025 and will culminate with 欧博娱乐 submission of its final report in July 2028. Three interim reports will be delivered over 欧博娱乐 course of 欧博娱乐 project. Two key planned stakeholder workshops will also be conducted over 欧博娱乐 course of 欧博娱乐 project.

Please do not hesitate to contact us should you have any questions about this study. Simply click 欧博娱乐 ‘Contact Us’ button below to send 欧博娱乐 project team an email and we will endeavour to respond quickly to your enquiry.

Funded by 欧博娱乐 European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of 欧博娱乐 author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of 欧博娱乐 European Union. The European Union cannot be held responsible for 欧博娱乐m.