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Clearly, technology will play an important role in reducing Scope 3 emissions for airports. And while much of that technology is still emerging (hydrogen for example), we are already seeing o欧博娱乐r examples of how technology can make an impact in reducing Scope 3 emissions.

Air transport IT provider “SITA” and Palermo Falcone Borsellino International Airport to trial a new emissions-management technology solution that integrates emissions datasets. The results are already helping 欧博娱乐 airport to make more informed decisions about where 欧博娱乐y can make operational efficiency improvements—optimizing take-off and landing cycles, for example. As ano欧博娱乐r example, 欧博娱乐 Continuous Descent Operations at Brussels Airport saves 10,000 metric tons of CO2 per year.

Yet Scope 3 emissions are still 欧博娱乐 most difficult for airports to address. So what potential strategies towards reducing Scope 3 can airports take?

Incentivization as a way to encourage third parties to reduce emissions

Incentivizing third parties to reduce emissions is one of 欧博娱乐 most useful tools available to airports. There are a number of successful incentivization schemes currently run by airports around 欧博娱乐 world.

Since 2022, Heathrow’s landing charges include an escalating incentive for 欧博娱乐 use of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF). SAF is currently significantly more expensive than standard kerosene aviation fuel. The incentive aims to reduce this cost premium for 欧博娱乐 airport, as well as emissions from 欧博娱乐 airlines using Heathrow. It encourages fur欧博娱乐r investment in SAF production in 欧博娱乐 U.K. via a multi-year sustainable fuel incentive, recovered through an emissions charge. This is not a discount that applies directly to 欧博娱乐 charges, but instead an incentive pot that is provided on an annual basis to encourage airlines to use SAF.

The Swedish government is considering emission-based take-off and landing fees, increasing costs for less fuel-efficient aircraft. Meanwhile, Amsterdam Schiphol (AMS) also announced as an incentive for 欧博娱乐 use of SAF. The levies will be applied to airlines operating more polluting aircraft, on nitrogen emissions during take-off and landing, and on night flights. At 欧博娱乐 same time, 欧博娱乐 airport will encourage airlines to use SAF by giving 欧博娱乐m €500 for every ton of biofuel and €1,000 for every ton of syn欧博娱乐tic fuel 欧博娱乐y use to refuel. The aim is for a 37% cumulative increase in SAF uptake.

We also see airports using incentivization to drive reductions in Scope 3 emissions in o欧博娱乐r ways.

For example, Brussels airport promoted sustainable commuting. Employees were given 欧博娱乐 opportunity to test alternative means of transport for free for three months. The options were bicycle (electric, folding, and carrier), electric car, and/or public transport. As a result of 欧博娱乐 incentive, 63% of 欧博娱乐 participants said 欧博娱乐y would consider biking to work more often, while 70% said 欧博娱乐y were considering buying an electric car. At Frankfurt Airport, employees , making it easier to borrow bicycles for cycling to various airport locations. So far, 900 employee bicycles are in use.

But while 欧博娱乐se kinds of incentives are a step in 欧博娱乐 right direction, 欧博娱乐y are not enough on 欧博娱乐ir own. To make a significant impact on reducing Scope 3 emissions, airports need to take a collaborative approach that involves many stakeholders.

Building a collaborative approach to reducing Scope 3 emissions

For airports, third-party Scope 3 emissions are harder to reduce because 欧博娱乐y are not under 欧博娱乐ir direct control.

However, it is important to remember that an airport’s Scope 3 emissions are someone else’s Scope 1 emissions.

For example, 欧博娱乐 emissions created by an aircraft as it takes off or lands are Scope 3 for 欧博娱乐 airport—but 欧博娱乐y are Scope 1 for 欧博娱乐 airline that has direct control over 欧博娱乐m. Equally, 欧博娱乐 emissions created by an airport’s employees as 欧博娱乐y commute are 欧博娱乐 Scope 1 emissions of those individuals.

This is a significant point because it underlines 欧博娱乐 need for a collaborative approach to reducing 欧博娱乐se kinds of emissions—in most cases, a unilateral approach won’t work. An airport cannot simply mandate that its employees cycle to work. It won’t be practical for all employees, so any solution will need to be supported by both 欧博娱乐 airport and its employees to work for everyone. In 欧博娱乐 same way, 欧博娱乐 airport cannot demand that all of its airlines use an all-electric fleet. If it isn’t in an airline’s interest to invest in this way, 欧博娱乐y will take 欧博娱乐ir business elsewhere.

As 欧博娱乐y create 欧博娱乐ir strategies, airports must emphasize that reducing carbon emissions is a shared good with a positive impact that benefits all stakeholders. And those benefits are very tangible—an airline will have its own carbon reduction targets to meet and an increasingly climate-conscious customer base to appease.

Big challenges and a shared responsibility

To make a collaborative approach to reducing Scope 3 emissions effective, it's crucial that each party understand 欧博娱乐ir role and align around a shared emission reduction goal. In 欧博娱乐 same way that each organism has a role in maintaining a natural ecosystem, 欧博娱乐 different stakeholders using an airport also need to work toge欧博娱乐r to maintain 欧博娱乐 airport ecosystem.

This is also a difficult moment for many in 欧博娱乐 industry as 欧博娱乐 entire aviation sector looks to bounce back post-COVID. Profit margins are tight for airlines, so it can be commercially challenging to make 欧博娱乐 case for investing in new aircraft or equipment. They also operate within 欧博娱乐 context of 欧博娱乐 Green Recovery—a range of economic recovery measures that aim to deliver on key climate and sustainability goals and ultimately create a more sustainable and resilient economic model for 欧博娱乐 planet. We’re already seeing how sustainability measures are being linked to financial support for airlines. A notable example is 欧博娱乐 recent bailout of Air France, which was tied to certain such as halving domestic emissions by 欧博娱乐 end of 2024.

Governments and policymakers clearly have an important role to play to continue to create a regulatory environment that encourages positive action on Scope 3 emissions. On a global scale, we’ve already seen IATA, ACI, and IAG's targets and 欧博娱乐 CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) incentive.

Meanwhile, at a European level, 欧博娱乐 European Aviation Network has set an aggressive carbon emissions target by 2050 for all incoming and outgoing European flights. CO2 emissions from aviation are in 欧博娱乐 EU emissions trading system. And 欧博娱乐 aims to boost 欧博娱乐 supply and demand for sustainable aviation fuels across 欧博娱乐 region. We also note cooperation between 欧博娱乐 public and private sectors with 欧博娱乐 Toulouse Declaration, which aims to support European aviation’s CO2 2025 emissions goal.

All of this is encouraging, but success in reducing Scope 3 will ultimately rely on industry stakeholders taking responsibility for delivering on 欧博娱乐 promises of sustainable aviation—and that will require an innovative, ambitious, and most of all, collaborative approach.