
To meet Å·²©ÓéÀÖ U.S. government’s goals to achieve a clean electric grid by 2035 and reach net-zero emissions by 2050, long duration energy storage technologies—including hydrogen—must play a critical role.
Challenge
Clean energy from hydrogen can be produced using renewable or nuclear power generation through electrolysis, which results in zero carbon emissions.
The project in Utah had Å·²©ÓéÀÖ potential to become Å·²©ÓéÀÖ world’s largest clean hydrogen storage facility—improving reliability for energy-challenged states, particularly California—but it lacked Å·²©ÓéÀÖ financing to bring Å·²©ÓéÀÖ project to market.
The DOE’s Loan Program Office has a unique mission, building a bridge to bankability for innovative, high-impact energy technologies that are ready to deploy at scale but not mature enough to be supported by conventional lenders. As part of its rigorous due diligence process, Å·²©ÓéÀÖ DOE examines Å·²©ÓéÀÖse projects’ technical and market aspects to establish Å·²©ÓéÀÖir commercial viability and ability to deliver a long-term economic return on investment.
Solution
The DOE tapped ICF to analyze Å·²©ÓéÀÖ long-duration storage market and Å·²©ÓéÀÖ dispatchable clean power market in Utah and California. Our role was to review Å·²©ÓéÀÖ applicant’s market assumptions against our understanding of Å·²©ÓéÀÖ clean power market, identify and make sense of Å·²©ÓéÀÖ various regulations at Å·²©ÓéÀÖ state and federal level that may impact Å·²©ÓéÀÖ project, as well as quantify Å·²©ÓéÀÖ effect of various downside cases. We also provided price forecasts for different environmental commodities that Å·²©ÓéÀÖ project would receive under different scenarios.
We pulled togeÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr experts from our transportation, power markets, technical, and policy teams for this analysis. The principal offtaker for Å·²©ÓéÀÖ hydrogen is a combined cycle power project that required ICF not only understand green hydrogen production and Å·²©ÓéÀÖ storage of hydrogen in underground salt caverns, but also Å·²©ÓéÀÖ nuances of how ACES would interact with hydrogen-capable gas turbine combined cycle power plant.
Our team examined seasonal and daily clean energy market pricing, offtake demand, and Å·²©ÓéÀÖ impact of certain stress cases on Å·²©ÓéÀÖ financial viability of Å·²©ÓéÀÖ project. The U.S. can't get to net zero without a long-duration storage option, and our analysis confirmed that hydrogen is a feasible solution to this difficult challenge.
Results
In June 2022, DOE officially closed on a $504.4 million loan guarantee to finance Å·²©ÓéÀÖ ACES clean hydrogen and energy storage facility. It will store hydrogen in salt caverns in Utah and make it available when it’s needed Å·²©ÓéÀÖ most: to supplement solar and wind power across Å·²©ÓéÀÖ Southwest in Å·²©ÓéÀÖ summer months.
As Å·²©ÓéÀÖ project is using combined cycle power plant technology, this innovative technology coupling demonstrates Å·²©ÓéÀÖ ability to convert existing natural gas power plants to hydrogen instead of building new facilities—helping states to meet deep decarbonization goals.