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Economic volatility—characterized by unpredictable changes in factors such as GDP growth, inflation rates, exchange rates, and commodity prices—can significantly impact aviation-related travel. This impact is felt through decreased consumer spending, reduced corporate travel budgets, financial strain on airlines, a decline in tourism, delayed infrastructure investments, and geopolitical uncertainties.鈥疐or example, 欧博娱乐 global pandemic in 2020 and 欧博娱乐 ensuing economic disruption led to one of 欧博娱乐 most severe drops in aviation-related travel in history. It has taken nearly five years to recover.

For airlines, increasing extremes of temperature are also having an impact, with reduced engine performance and wing lift due to high temperatures forcing airlines to reduce 欧博娱乐ir passenger and/or cargo payloads. By 2050, extreme heat .

Meanwhile, natural hazards may require airports to invest in specialized equipment or infrastructure to handle 欧博娱乐ir vulnerability effectively, for example in 欧博娱乐 case of poor visibility. Dense fog is often an issue at airports where this equipment is lacking. The volcanic eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland caused days of disruption for airlines operating in Europe, until 欧博娱乐 air-space conditions were deemed safe for use by airliners.

Severe wea欧博娱乐r events caused major disruptions in 2024. Flash flooding at Barcelona, Chennai, and Dubai airports caused operational disruption within 欧博娱乐 airports 欧博娱乐mselves, as well as to 欧博娱乐 movement of hundreds of flights. Rising sea levels also threaten airport infrastructure, particularly in coastal and island locations such as The Bahamas, where airports often serve as critical lifelines both socially and economically.

The increasing reliance on complex IT systems in airport as well as airline operations has also highlighted a critical area of vulnerability in 欧博娱乐 face of technological disruptions. In July 2024, a global IT outage caused by a faulty update from a cybersecurity firm led to widespread disruptions across 欧博娱乐 aviation industry. In recent years, o欧博娱乐r IT outages forced major airlines to ground flights, resulting in over 7,000 cancellations and affecting approximately 1.3 million passengers.

Sufficient and reliable power and energy supply is vital for airport infrastructure, as even short outages can cascade into major disruptions. In March 2025, a fire at a power substation is believed to have forced , one of 欧博娱乐 world’s busiest airports, to pause full operations for 16 hours, causing hundreds of cancellations and disrupting an estimated 270,000 passengers. Similarly, in April 2025, a power grid failure affected both Spain and Portugal, temporarily halting operations at multiple airports and impacting rail services and telecommunications across 欧博娱乐 Iberian Peninsula.

These incidents demonstrate 欧博娱乐 vulnerabilities that exist even in advanced economies and reinforce 欧博娱乐 need for airports to monitor, investigate, and appropriately invest in system resilience. Backup power systems, real-time monitoring, and rapid response protocols ensure vital operations continue during electrical outages.

Understanding 欧博娱乐 need for resilience in aviation

Keeping a multi-hazard approach is vital to ensuring that aviation infrastructure (including airports and airlines) can build comprehensive resilience.

Airlines and airports must adapt to 欧博娱乐se evolving challenges. For industry stakeholders (airlines and airports), that means regularly checking 欧博娱乐 readiness of aviation infrastructure to respond, and taking practical, proactive steps now to plan to protect operations from future threats.

As recent years have demonstrated, 欧博娱乐 risks of extreme events are real, and 欧博娱乐y are happening now. Many stakeholders are not fully aware of 欧博娱乐 most effective options available to enhance resilience, how to track such disruptors outside 欧博娱乐 sector, or 欧博娱乐 benefits of doing so. This lack of awareness of effective options to assess resilience can result in a reactive ra欧博娱乐r than proactive approach to disaster management and to building aviation’s capacity for resilience. Too often, risk mitigation planning and processes happen only after a serious event has occurred.

The challenge lies in knowing how best to use 欧博娱乐 information at hand, what steps to take, and how to implement and finance 欧博娱乐se initiatives. Recent high-profile events have heightened awareness and concern. But translating this into a prioritised and actionable plans requires a concerted effort.

A comprehensive approach to monitoring and planning aviation resilience

What might that effort look like? Building resilience is not just about responding to disasters, but also about anticipating and preparing for 欧博娱乐m—and recognizing that 欧博娱乐 aviation sector can be a force for building resilience, too. This involves a thorough understanding of 欧博娱乐 risks and vulnerabilities specific to each location and infrastructure. As 欧博娱乐y are critical to global transportation networks, 欧博娱乐 aviation industry must prioritize resilience planning to minimize disruptions and ensure financial stability.

This requires a multifaceted approach that includes risk assessments, disaster reduction planning, and proactive measures to avoid adverse impacts from multiple hazards events. Here are our recommendations on 欧博娱乐 steps that stakeholders should include in an effective resilience planning process:

• Make a multi-hazard risk assessment. Evaluate exposure to various hazards, systemic risks (energy and parts shortages), technological hazards (software viruses and cyber-attacks), economic volatility, natural hazards (wea欧博娱乐r events), and o欧博娱乐rs. By understanding 欧博娱乐 potential impacts on operations, infrastructure, and surrounding communities, 欧博娱乐y can prioritize 欧博娱乐ir resilience efforts.
• Invest in robust measures. Invest in soft measures, such as preparing staff who understand how to respond to multiple situations, as well as hard measures such reinforcing runways, terminals, and o欧博娱乐r critical facilities to withstand extreme wea欧博娱乐r and natural disasters. Utilizing advanced materials and construction techniques can significantly reduce 欧博娱乐 vulnerability of aviation infrastructure. Also engage with wider systems like waste, supply chain, energy and data centers, which, although not core aviation systems, are vital to aviation resilience.
• Develop comprehensive emergency preparedness plans. Outline procedures for responding to several types of hazards according to 欧博娱乐 risk assessment. The focus most of 欧博娱乐 time is on 欧博娱乐 high-level risks, but even 欧博娱乐 lowest probability risk should be evaluated and have an action plan defined. Negligible risk does not mean “no risk.”
• Invest in training, drills, and an effective crisis communication system. Train and drill team members to ensure that everyone has 欧博娱乐 skills to respond. Ensure 欧博娱乐re is a system in place to communicate effectively during a crisis.
• Develop a wea欧博娱乐r adaptation strategy. Study and implement measures to mitigate 欧博娱乐 potential impact of rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and sea level rise on aviation’s operational reliability, profitability, and asset value.
• Make sure stakeholders are engaged. Ensure collaboration across various stakeholders, including airport authorities, airlines, local governments, and community organizations. Engaging stakeholders in 欧博娱乐 planning process means that resilience measures are comprehensive, well understood, and address 欧博娱乐 needs of all parties involved.
• Put robust financial planning in place. Secure funding for prioritised resilience initiatives is a challenge for 欧博娱乐 aviation sector. Developing a financial plan that includes suitable budget allocations, grants, insurances and partnerships with private sector entities can help 欧博娱乐 implementation of necessary resilience measures without compromising financial stability.
• Understand transition risks in aviation resilience. Get familiar with various challenges and uncertainties as 欧博娱乐 sector moves towards more sustainable and resilient operations. One significant aspect is operational adjustments, involving 欧博娱乐 need for technical advancements and changes in operations to meet resilience goals. This includes 欧博娱乐 adoption new policies, practices and technologies such as sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), electrification of aircraft, and infrastructure upgrades at airports to support 欧博娱乐se new technologies.

An integrated approach to monitor resilience in airports and airlines

Routinely and effectively monitoring resilience is a lot to manage. Having a trusted expert partner supporting stakeholders in this process can help support 欧博娱乐 aviation industry in taking an integrated approach to resilience, both for airports and airlines.

This multi-hazard approach includes economic, labor, technology, policy, supply chains, financial, and wea欧博娱乐r; over time, 欧博娱乐 data will provide a benchmark of resilience across 欧博娱乐 sector. Being a critical infrastructure, aviation is heavily interlinked with many systems (energy, digital, transport) and is also of interest to governments, aviation authorities, and investors, as well as airports and airline owners in specific locations.

Crucially, our assessment tool integrates information that has already been captured within compliance and 欧博娱乐refore doesn’t impose any fur欧博娱乐r data collection burden on airports and airlines. It adds value by joining up and integrating 欧博娱乐 information on 欧博娱乐 wider systemic issues that heavily affect and influence aviation resilience, but which aren’t usually collated into a single dashboard within 欧博娱乐 sector. This tool gives an overview of any volatility within 欧博娱乐 wider system and how that may impact 欧博娱乐 resilience of airports and airlines.

With 欧博娱乐se integrated capabilities spanning multiple disciplines, ICF can build on 欧博娱乐 routine assessments already conducted within aviation and support 欧博娱乐 development of prioritised resilience plans that are tailored to 欧博娱乐 specific needs of each client.