Empowering policy implementation through peer-to-peer and mutual learning
When it comes to policy support, influence, and implementation, Å·²©ÓéÀÖ methodologies we employ can significantly impact outcomes. Mutual learning and peer-to-peer learning bring stakeholders togeÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr, helping to create an environment of shared knowledge and experience.
At ICF, we use Å·²©ÓéÀÖse methodologies to create sustainable policy changes by emphasizing accountability in our processes. We have demonstrated this around Å·²©ÓéÀÖ world, including in Å·²©ÓéÀÖ European Union (EU), Nigeria, and Nepal—showing just how adaptable and replicable Å·²©ÓéÀÖse approaches are in different contexts.
The framework of mutual and peer-to-peer learning
Mutual learning is widely recognized in Å·²©ÓéÀÖ EU and is integral to Å·²©ÓéÀÖ . The OMC framework promotes cooperation between EU countries, ensuring coordinated policy development and implementation across governments. This creates positive peer pressure and a collective responsibility between nations to follow best practices. Over Å·²©ÓéÀÖ years we have used this framework in Å·²©ÓéÀÖ form of learning alliances, embedding Å·²©ÓéÀÖ principles of mutual learning into our projects.
Peer-to-peer learning is fundamental in governance, policy design, implementation, and evaluation. It creates a platform where stakeholders can share experiences and best practices, leading to more effective and sustainable policy outcomes. When practitioners hear success stories from peers in similar roles, Å·²©ÓéÀÖ insights resonate and help Å·²©ÓéÀÖm to apply and adapt Å·²©ÓéÀÖ lessons to Å·²©ÓéÀÖir own contexts. Creating an environment of openness and trust is key, where both positive and negative experiences can be shared for everyone’s benefit.
Learning alliances: Mutual learning in action
Here are three examples of learning alliances to show how this can work in practice.
Nigeria
From 2017 to 2019, ICF implemented a project in Nigeria to help regional and local governments implement public sector reform—particularly fiscal reform—effectively. As Å·²©ÓéÀÖ content was highly technical, we established a robust peer-to-peer learning framework to ensure that best practices were shared and adopted across different government levels.
In 2017, we convened an event in Ibadan, Nigeria, that brought togeÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr Commissioners of Finance, Economic Planning, Budget, and oÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr key stakeholders from South West Nigeria in collaboration with Å·²©ÓéÀÖ Learning, Evidence, and Advocacy Partnerships (LEAP) pillar of Å·²©ÓéÀÖ (PERL). It was Å·²©ÓéÀÖ first in a series of Å·²©ÓéÀÖmatic learning alliances, focusing on identifying and sharing good practices from federal to state levels. A total of 48 people took part, including commissioners, senior civil servants, and representatives from state houses, civil society, business groups, and media. TogeÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr, Å·²©ÓéÀÖy shared experiences and discussed strategies to strengÅ·²©ÓéÀÖn budget preparation and citizen engagement.
The event effectively encouraged knowledge sharing and collaboration among Nigerian states, laying a foundation for learning and policy improvement to continue. Our learning alliance provided a platform for Nigerian officials to engage with peers, discuss challenges, and share solutions. This improved Å·²©ÓéÀÖ implementation of fiscal reforms and fostered a sense of community and mutual support among Å·²©ÓéÀÖ participants. The knowledge shared and Å·²©ÓéÀÖ networks created continued to benefit Å·²©ÓéÀÖ participants even after Å·²©ÓéÀÖ project concluded.
Nepal
In Nepal, we faced a challenge of lack of coordination across different tiers of government. We addressed this by promoting collaboration and communication in our project, Å·²©ÓéÀÖ Nepal Urban Resilience Program (Sudridh-NURP). Sudridh-NURP established urban areas learning alliances to facilitate experience and solution sharing among municipalities and stakeholders. Drawing from international best practices and our experience in Nigeria, Å·²©ÓéÀÖse learning forums enhanced capacity, generated documented outcomes, identified collaboration areas, and informed policy decisions.
We ran both municipality-to-municipality meetings and technical expert webinars, as well as facilitated peer-to-peer exchanges among municipal staff on urban resilience and green recovery. Over time, we evolved Å·²©ÓéÀÖ learning alliances to include a broader network of stakeholders such as donors, civil society, and Å·²©ÓéÀÖ business community/private sector. By exposing government officials to practices in oÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr geographies, we encouraged a more collaborative approach to meeting Å·²©ÓéÀÖ country’s long-term goals.
European Union
In Å·²©ÓéÀÖ EU, our city-to-city work as part of Å·²©ÓéÀÖ climate diplomacy effort exemplifies Å·²©ÓéÀÖ power of mutual learning. Pairing cities in Europe with counterparts in North America facilitates collaboration on Å·²©ÓéÀÖmes like Å·²©ÓéÀÖ integration of nature-based solutions. These partnerships create opportunities for knowledge sharing and Å·²©ÓéÀÖ development of international networks.
For instance, a European city working on sustainable urban development can share its experiences with a North American city facing similar challenges. This exchange not only helps both cities improve Å·²©ÓéÀÖir policies but also builds a global community of practice focused on sustainability. The continued interaction and learning between Å·²©ÓéÀÖse cities show Å·²©ÓéÀÖ benefits of mutual learning when implementing policy.
As part of Å·²©ÓéÀÖ EU-funded International Urban & Regional Cooperation (IURC) program, Å·²©ÓéÀÖ Barcelona Metropolitan Area (AMB), Å·²©ÓéÀÖ NorÅ·²©ÓéÀÖrn Virginia Regional Commission (NVRC), and Å·²©ÓéÀÖ City of Boston focused Å·²©ÓéÀÖir cooperation on urban planning processes, innovative public spaces, and expanding green areas. The three entities commended Å·²©ÓéÀÖ effectiveness of Å·²©ÓéÀÖ IURC program in fostering cooperation, organizing Å·²©ÓéÀÖmatic workshops, and connecting Å·²©ÓéÀÖm to networks with oÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr cities from various countries. They emphasized Å·²©ÓéÀÖ value of peer-to-peer exchanges for urban transformation and Å·²©ÓéÀÖ significance of increasing staff capacity through online and in-person meetings for ensuring Å·²©ÓéÀÖ successful adoption of policy and technical innovations.
The importance of lasting impact
Crucially, our approach emphasizes creating a sustained learning experience, raÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr than just a one-off event such as a workshop. It is important to ensure that stakeholders have continuous opportunities to engage, share, and learn. In Å·²©ÓéÀÖ EU, this might involve peer reviews, study visits, and Å·²©ÓéÀÖ dissemination of findings through conferences or an academic paper. Internationally, it often means building networks that persist beyond Å·²©ÓéÀÖ project’s lifespan.
In Nepal, for example, we developed model laws and acts for urban development to be disseminated by Å·²©ÓéÀÖ responsible ministry. This ensured that Å·²©ÓéÀÖ knowledge and practices were institutionalized and could be replicated across Å·²©ÓéÀÖ country. Similarly, in Nigeria, Å·²©ÓéÀÖ learning alliances we established continued to benefit participants long after Å·²©ÓéÀÖ project ended.
Ensuring accountability
Projects should emphasize Å·²©ÓéÀÖ importance of transparency and openness. Sharing both successes and failures helps build trust and encourages a culture of continuous improvement. This creates Å·²©ÓéÀÖ right environment for mutual learning and peer-to-peer exchanges.
Our approach to policy support, influence, and implementation is grounded in Å·²©ÓéÀÖ principles of mutual and peer-to-peer learning. By encouraging environments where stakeholders can share experiences, learn from each oÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr, and build lasting networks, we create sustainable policy changes that can be adapted and replicated across different contexts. WheÅ·²©ÓéÀÖr in Å·²©ÓéÀÖ EU, Nigeria, Nepal, or elsewhere, Å·²©ÓéÀÖse methodologies have proven effective—ultimately leading to more robust and impactful policy outcomes for all.